Working Of DC Motor In English :- A DC motor is a machine which when provided with electrical energy, converts it into mechanical energy.
DC
motor can also be used in places where speed control is required. That
is why DC motors are often used in trolleys, electric rails and
production systems or elevators. This 1/100 H.P. Can be made in various
sizes up to several thousand H.P.
Working Principle-
A current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, then a mechanical force acts on it, which can be determined by Fleming's left hand rule. This force causes the driving force to move in the direction. This is the principle of motor work.
F = IBL Newton.
Now understand the above statement in simple words Imagine
that a current less conductor (which is not connected to the supply) is
placed in the main magnetic field as per the following figure and the
magnetic field flows from the conductor to the N pole to the N pole, the
air gap. Crosses
Picture (1)
According
to Fig. (2) the current is flowing in the conductor but the magnetic
effect of North pole and South pole has been removed. In this case, the
driver will have its own magnetic field. The magnetic field force lines
of the driver will be clockwise according to the cork screw rule.
Figure (2)
According
to Figure (3), current is flowing in the conductor and the main
magnetic field is also present. The magnetic field generated by the
current in the conductor acts with the main field above the driver but
opposes the main field below the driver. The result is that flux
deposition occurs in the area above the conductor and the flux density
decreases in the region below.
Picture (3)
From
this it is clear that when the force is acting on the driver, it acts
to push the driver downwards as shown by the arrow mark in Fig. (3). |
According
to Fig. (4), if the direction of the conductor is changed, then the
flux concentration will be downward and it will try to move the driver
upwards.
In
fact, many coils on the armature are coiled. So as soon as the armature
rotates in the forward direction, the rear conductor will be coming in
place of the former driver which will again have a force effect in the
east direction under N and S due to which the armature will rotate in
the same direction.